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Research: Β-GALACTOSIDASE Folding Project #16927

Project #16927 overview

Project Summary AI Beta

This project studies a special enzyme from a cold and salty Antarctic lake that breaks down sugar. Scientists changed the enzyme's code to see how it affects how well it works at different temperatures. They hope to learn how changes in enzymes can make them more efficient, which could help scientists design better enzymes for various applications.
Automated summary; simplified and may not be fully accurate.

Project team

Manager(s)
Prof. Vincent Voelz
Institution
Temple University

Work unit

Atoms
127,200
Core
GRO_A7
Status
Public
Source material

Official Project Description

Halorubrum lacusprofundi is a microorganism found in the extremely cold and hypersaline Deep Lake, Antarctica.

This microorganism has a polyextremophilic β-galactosidase that works to break down carbohydrates.

Recent work from the DasSarma group identified six key amino acid residues in β-galactosidase which, when mutated with amino acids conserved in homologs from mesophilic haloarchaea, induced significant changes to the catalytic efficiency of the enzyme and its temperature dependence (1).

We are running molecular simulations of β-galactosidase and its mutated variants to explore how these subtle sequence changes affect the behavior of this enzyme at various temperatures.

We will analyze the trajectory data to formulate explanations for the mechanisms that cause differences in catalytic efficiencies.

In the future, a better understanding of how evolved mutations help optimize enzyme efficiency may lead to improved methods for computational enzyme design. References

  1. Laye, V.

    J., Karan, R., Kim, J.-M., Pecher, W.

    T., DasSarma, P., & DasSarma, S.

    (2017).

    Key amino acid residues conferring enhanced enzyme activity at cold temperatures in an Antarctic polyextremophilic β-galactosidase.

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 114(47), 12530–12535.

    http://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1711542114

.

Performance data

Hardware Performance for Project 16927

Compare community-sampled Folding@Home output for the GPUs and CPUs processing this project.

Data as of Sunday, 02 August 2026 22:01:05

CPU PPD Averages Beta

Rank
Project 		CPU Model Logical
Processors (LP) 		PPD-PLP
AVG PPD per 1 LP 		ALL LP-PPD
(Estimated) 		Make
1 EPYC 7302 16-CORE 64 12,483 798,912 AMD
2 RYZEN 9 3950X 16-CORE 32 22,558 721,856 AMD
3 RYZEN THREADRIPPER 3960X 24-CORE 48 14,323 687,504 AMD
4 RYZEN 9 5950X 16-CORE 32 17,693 566,176 AMD
5 CORE I9-9980XE CPU @ 3.00GHZ 36 10,303 370,908 Intel
6 RYZEN 9 5900X 12-CORE 24 14,571 349,704 AMD
7 EPYC 7302P 16-CORE 32 10,267 328,544 AMD
8 RYZEN 9 3900 12-CORE 24 13,020 312,480 AMD
9 RYZEN THREADRIPPER 2970WX 24-CORE 48 6,356 305,088 AMD
10 RYZEN 9 3900XT 12-CORE 24 12,340 296,160 AMD
11 XEON PLATINUM 8124M CPU @ 3.00GHZ 36 8,200 295,200 Intel
12 RYZEN 9 3900X 12-CORE 24 11,978 287,472 AMD
13 RYZEN THREADRIPPER 2950X 16-CORE 32 8,566 274,112 AMD
14 RYZEN 7 5800X 8-CORE 16 15,086 241,376 AMD
15 CORE I9-9900K CPU @ 3.60GHZ 16 14,069 225,104 Intel
16 CORE I9-10980XE CPU @ 3.00GHZ 36 5,873 211,428 Intel
17 CORE I9-10850K CPU @ 3.60GHZ 20 10,475 209,500 Intel
18 CORE I9-10900K CPU @ 3.70GHZ 20 10,355 207,100 Intel
19 XEON CPU E5-2667 V4 @ 3.20GHZ 32 6,382 204,224 Intel
20 RYZEN 7 3700X 8-CORE 16 11,544 184,704 AMD
21 CORE I9-7920X CPU @ 2.90GHZ 24 7,004 168,096 Intel
22 XEON CPU E5-2667 V2 @ 3.30GHZ 32 5,200 166,400 Intel
23 XEON W-2245 CPU @ 3.90GHZ 16 10,255 164,080 Intel
24 XEON W-2175 CPU @ 2.50GHZ 28 5,818 162,904 Intel
25 RYZEN 7 3800X 8-CORE 16 9,692 155,072 AMD
26 XEON CPU E5-2680 V3 @ 2.50GHZ 24 6,296 151,104 Intel
27 CORE I9-10900X CPU @ 3.70GHZ 20 7,502 150,040 Intel
28 XEON CPU E5-2680 V4 @ 2.40GHZ 28 5,292 148,176 Intel
29 RYZEN 5 3600X 6-CORE 12 12,295 147,540 AMD
30 RYZEN THREADRIPPER 1920X 12-CORE 24 6,031 144,744 AMD
31 CORE I7-7820X CPU @ 3.60GHZ 16 8,090 129,440 Intel
32 RYZEN 5 5600X 6-CORE 12 10,412 124,944 AMD
33 RYZEN 5 PRO 4650G 12 10,109 121,308 AMD
34 RYZEN 5 3600 6-CORE 12 9,883 118,596 AMD
35 CORE I7-10700K CPU @ 3.80GHZ 16 7,252 116,032 Intel
36 CORE I7-9700K CPU @ 3.60GHZ 8 14,424 115,392 Intel
37 RYZEN 5 1600X SIX-CORE 12 9,565 114,780 AMD
38 XEON CPU E5-2660 0 @ 2.20GHZ 32 3,562 113,984 Intel
39 RYZEN 7 4800H 16 6,938 111,008 AMD
40 CORE I7-5960X CPU @ 3.00GHZ 16 6,931 110,896 Intel
41 RYZEN 5 3600XT 6-CORE 12 9,162 109,944 AMD
42 EPYC 7571 32-CORE 64 1,707 109,248 AMD
43 CORE I7-8700 CPU @ 3.20GHZ 12 9,047 108,564 Intel
44 CORE I7-10700 CPU @ 2.90GHZ 16 6,458 103,328 Intel
45 CORE I7-10700F CPU @ 2.90GHZ 16 6,001 96,016 Intel
46 CORE I7-9700 CPU @ 3.00GHZ 8 11,875 95,000 Intel
47 GENUINE CPU 0000 @ 1.60GHZ 32 2,907 93,024 Intel
48 RYZEN 7 2700X EIGHT-CORE 16 5,811 92,976 AMD
49 CORE I7-9700KF CPU @ 3.60GHZ 8 11,312 90,496 Intel
50 XEON CPU E5-2690 V2 @ 3.00GHZ 20 4,452 89,040 Intel
51 RYZEN 5 2600X SIX-CORE 12 6,890 82,680 AMD
52 CORE I9-9980HK CPU @ 2.40GHZ 16 5,146 82,336 Intel
53 RYZEN 3 3100 4-CORE 8 9,941 79,528 AMD
54 CORE I5-10400F CPU @ 2.90GHZ 12 6,603 79,236 Intel
55 CORE I7-8700K CPU @ 3.70GHZ 12 6,428 77,136 Intel
56 RYZEN 5 3500 6-CORE 6 12,804 76,824 AMD
57 XEON CPU E5-2630 0 @ 2.30GHZ 24 3,049 73,176 Intel
58 CORE I7-10710U CPU @ 1.10GHZ 12 5,965 71,580 Intel
59 CORE I9-9900 CPU @ 3.10GHZ 16 4,234 67,744 Intel
60 XEON CPU X5660 @ 2.80GHZ 24 2,812 67,488 Intel
61 RYZEN 7 1700X EIGHT-CORE 16 4,054 64,864 AMD
62 CORE I5-9600K CPU @ 3.70GHZ 6 10,756 64,536 Intel
63 XEON CPU E5-2620 V2 @ 2.10GHZ 24 2,676 64,224 Intel
64 CORE2 DUO CPU T7700 @ 2.40GHZ 12 5,322 63,864 Intel
65 CORE I3-10100 CPU @ 3.60GHZ 8 7,952 63,616 Intel
66 RYZEN 7 1700 EIGHT-CORE 16 3,910 62,560 AMD
67 RYZEN 5 1600 SIX-CORE 12 4,955 59,460 AMD
68 CORE I7-4910MQ CPU @ 2.90GHZ 8 7,413 59,304 Intel
69 RYZEN 5 2600 SIX-CORE 12 4,679 56,148 AMD
70 CORE I7-8750H CPU @ 2.20GHZ 12 4,602 55,224 Intel
71 CORE I5-9400F CPU @ 2.90GHZ 6 8,967 53,802 Intel
72 CORE I7-3840QM CPU @ 2.80GHZ 8 6,552 52,416 Intel
73 CORE I7-8559U CPU @ 2.70GHZ 8 6,486 51,888 Intel
74 XEON SILVER 4116 CPU @ 2.10GHZ 24 2,161 51,864 Intel
75 CORE I7-6700K CPU @ 4.00GHZ 8 6,240 49,920 Intel
76 CORE I7-6820HQ CPU @ 2.70GHZ 8 6,233 49,864 Intel
77 CORE I7-8705G CPU @ 3.10GHZ 8 6,108 48,864 Intel
78 CORE I5-6600 CPU @ 3.30GHZ 4 12,071 48,284 Intel
79 CORE I7-8550U CPU @ 1.80GHZ 8 5,985 47,880 Intel
80 CORE I7-9850H CPU @ 2.60GHZ 12 3,964 47,568 Intel
81 CORE I5-8600K CPU @ 3.60GHZ 6 7,890 47,340 Intel
82 CORE I7-6800K CPU @ 3.40GHZ 12 3,863 46,356 Intel
83 CORE I7-1068NG7 CPU @ 2.30GHZ 8 5,763 46,104 Intel
84 RYZEN 5 4600HS 12 3,775 45,300 AMD
85 XEON CPU E3-1270 V5 @ 3.60GHZ 8 5,662 45,296 Intel
86 XEON CPU E5-2651 V2 @ 1.80GHZ 24 1,874 44,976 Intel
87 CORE I7-4790K CPU @ 4.00GHZ 8 5,373 42,984 Intel
88 XEON W-2123 CPU @ 3.60GHZ 8 5,346 42,768 Intel
89 CORE I3-6100 CPU @ 3.70GHZ 4 10,552 42,208 Intel
90 XEON CPU E5-2690 V3 @ 2.60GHZ 12 3,430 41,160 Intel
91 CORE I7-4790 CPU @ 3.60GHZ 8 4,777 38,216 Intel
92 CORE I7-4770 CPU @ 3.40GHZ 8 4,770 38,160 Intel
93 11TH GEN CORE I5-1135G7 @ 2.40GHZ 8 4,689 37,512 Intel
94 CORE I7-6700T CPU @ 2.80GHZ 8 4,594 36,752 Intel
95 XEON CPU E5-2650 0 @ 2.00GHZ 16 2,278 36,448 Intel
96 CORE I5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHZ 6 6,042 36,252 Intel
97 CORE I3-9100F CPU @ 3.60GHZ 4 9,039 36,156 Intel
98 CORE I5-8300H CPU @ 2.30GHZ 8 4,387 35,096 Intel
99 CORE I7-6700 CPU @ 3.40GHZ 8 4,275 34,200 Intel
100 CORE I3-8100 CPU @ 3.60GHZ 4 8,345 33,380 Intel
101 CORE I7-2600K CPU @ 3.40GHZ 8 4,143 33,144 Intel
102 CORE I5-7600 CPU @ 3.50GHZ 4 7,983 31,932 Intel
103 CORE I7-10750H CPU @ 2.60GHZ 12 2,578 30,936 Intel
104 XEON CPU E5-2609 V2 @ 2.50GHZ 8 3,811 30,488 Intel
105 XEON CPU E3-1241 V3 @ 3.50GHZ 8 3,737 29,896 Intel
106 XEON W-10855M CPU @ 2.80GHZ 12 2,383 28,596 Intel
107 RYZEN 3 3200G 4 6,841 27,364 AMD
108 CORE I5-4690K CPU @ 3.50GHZ 4 6,836 27,344 Intel
109 CORE I5-6600K CPU @ 3.50GHZ 4 6,808 27,232 Intel
110 CORE I7-3770 CPU @ 3.40GHZ 8 3,245 25,960 Intel
111 CORE I7-8565U CPU @ 1.80GHZ 8 3,243 25,944 Intel
112 CORE I7-4790T CPU @ 2.70GHZ 8 3,233 25,864 Intel
113 CORE I7-4770K CPU @ 3.50GHZ 8 3,092 24,736 Intel
114 XEON CPU E3-1230 V2 @ 3.30GHZ 8 3,034 24,272 Intel
115 CORE I5-7400 CPU @ 3.00GHZ 4 5,935 23,740 Intel
116 CORE I5-8250U CPU @ 1.60GHZ 8 2,948 23,584 Intel
117 XEON E-2124G CPU @ 3.40GHZ 4 5,877 23,508 Intel
118 CORE I7-2600 CPU @ 3.40GHZ 8 2,869 22,952 Intel
119 FX-8350 EIGHT-CORE 8 2,814 22,512 AMD
120 CORE I5-6500 CPU @ 3.20GHZ 4 5,455 21,820 Intel
121 RYZEN 7 2700 EIGHT-CORE 16 1,361 21,776 AMD
122 XEON CPU W3550 @ 3.07GHZ 8 2,579 20,632 Intel
123 PHENOM II X6 1090T 6 3,290 19,740 AMD
124 CORE I5-2500K CPU @ 3.30GHZ 4 4,816 19,264 Intel
125 CORE I7-6700HQ CPU @ 2.60GHZ 8 2,317 18,536 Intel
126 RYZEN 7 4700U 8 2,240 17,920 AMD
127 RYZEN 5 3500U 8 2,061 16,488 AMD
128 CORE I5-4590 CPU @ 3.30GHZ 4 4,034 16,136 Intel
129 CORE I5-9300H CPU @ 2.40GHZ 8 1,998 15,984 Intel
130 CORE I3-7100 CPU @ 3.90GHZ 4 3,713 14,852 Intel
131 CORE I5-2400S CPU @ 2.50GHZ 4 3,692 14,768 Intel
132 CORE I7-3610QM CPU @ 2.30GHZ 8 1,841 14,728 Intel
133 CORE I3-2120 CPU @ 3.30GHZ 4 3,577 14,308 Intel
134 CORE I5-6200U CPU @ 2.30GHZ 4 3,576 14,304 Intel
135 CORE I5-10210U CPU @ 1.60GHZ 7 1,962 13,734 Intel
136 CORE I5-6260U CPU @ 1.80GHZ 4 3,212 12,848 Intel
137 CORE I5-4570 CPU @ 3.20GHZ 4 3,089 12,356 Intel
138 RYZEN 5 2500U 8 1,379 11,032 AMD
139 PHENOM II X4 965 4 2,693 10,772 AMD
140 CORE I3-4340 CPU @ 3.60GHZ 4 2,686 10,744 Intel
141 CORE I5-7360U CPU @ 2.30GHZ 4 2,675 10,700 Intel
142 CORE I7-8665U CPU @ 1.90GHZ 8 1,326 10,608 Intel
143 CORE I5-10400 CPU @ 2.90GHZ 12 883 10,596 Intel
144 XEON CPU W3565 @ 3.20GHZ 4 2,293 9,172 Intel
145 CORE I5-2540M CPU @ 2.60GHZ 4 2,282 9,128 Intel
146 PENTIUM(R) SILVER N5000 CPU @ 1.10GHZ 4 2,241 8,964 Intel
147 CORE I5-4300U CPU @ 1.90GHZ 4 2,201 8,804 Intel
148 PENTIUM(R) CPU G4600 @ 3.60GHZ 4 2,141 8,564 Intel
149 FX-8320 EIGHT-CORE 8 1,043 8,344 AMD
150 CORE M3-7Y30 CPU @ 1.00GHZ 4 2,083 8,332 Intel
151 CORE I5-2300 CPU @ 2.80GHZ 4 1,952 7,808 Intel
152 CORE I5-4460 CPU @ 3.20GHZ 4 1,851 7,404 Intel
153 A10-6700 APU RADEON(TM) HD GRAPHICS 4 1,845 7,380 AMD
154 CORE2 QUAD CPU Q9550 @ 2.83GHZ 4 1,803 7,212 Intel
155 CORE I7-4610M CPU @ 3.00GHZ 4 1,758 7,032 Intel
156 CORE I5-7200U CPU @ 2.50GHZ 4 1,735 6,940 Intel
157 CORE I3-6006U CPU @ 2.00GHZ 4 1,668 6,672 Intel
158 CORE I3-3240 CPU @ 3.40GHZ 4 1,257 5,028 Intel
159 CORE I5-3320M CPU @ 2.60GHZ 4 1,079 4,316 Intel
160 FX-6300 SIX-CORE 6 711 4,266 AMD
161 CORE2 QUAD CPU Q6600 @ 2.40GHZ 4 1,036 4,144 Intel
162 CELERON(R) CPU G3900 @ 2.80GHZ 2 1,455 2,910 Intel
163 FX-8300 EIGHT-CORE 8 313 2,504 AMD
164 CELERON(R) CPU G550 @ 2.60GHZ 2 1,067 2,134 Intel
165 XEON CPU E5-2670 V3 @ 2.30GHZ 1 1,819 1,819 Intel
166 CORE2 DUO CPU E6750 @ 2.66GHZ 2 567 1,134 Intel
167 A8-6410 APU 4 210 840 AMD
168 CELERON(R) CPU N3350 @ 1.10GHZ 2 316 632 Intel